Bird - Tumours

General information

While not as commonly seen in most birds as they are in dogs and cats, tumours do occur in birds. They are becoming more common as healthcare enables birds to live longer.

What are tumours?

Tumours are firm tissue growth swellings that may occur on the body (protruding from the skin), under the skin, or within the body.

Are all lumps tumours?

No. Some lumps can be abscesses, which are caused by bacteria or viruses.

Some swellings you notice might actually be an organ, such as the liver, enlarging from disease. If the bird is a female, an abdominal swelling you suspect to be a tumour may in fact be an egg.

Are all tumours cancerous?

No. As is true with other pets and people, some tumours are benign (non-fatal) and some are malignant (cancerous). However, be aware that even benign tumours can cause death if they are in a difficult position.

How can I tell what's causing the lump?

You cannot and very often the veterinary surgeon cannot either, at least not just with a physical examination. Tests such as a biopsy (needle aspiration, punch/ 'trucut'/surgical) can often diagnose the cause of the lump. Even if it can be completely removed, the lump should be submitted for testing so the future progress of the disease can be predicted. Internal lumps may require diagnostic tests, including blood tests, radiographs (x-rays), or even exploratory surgery in order to determine their cause.

How are tumours treated?

Once the lump is diagnosed as a tumour, surgical removal is usually recommended. Depending upon the size of the tumour, this surgery may be more challenging and difficult than a similar surgery in a dog or cat. Some tumours are inoperable in which case chemo-, radio- or photodynamic therapy may be indicated. The sooner the pet is examined after you notice the tumour, the better his chance for a successful surgery. However, it should be remembered that, as in other pets, tumours may be untreatable and euthanasia may be the only humane option in some cases.